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My Simple Clock Divider (does it make sense?)
 
 
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Author My Simple Clock Divider (does it make sense?)
fonik
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PostPosted: Sun Feb 08, 2009 6:22 pm    Post subject: My Simple Clock Divider (does it make sense?) Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

below you see pictures of my finished divider module. i posted this over at e-m.com as well, but i have a couple of questions and wanted to be sure to get the opinions of you patch experienced folks.

for the divisions i used inverters. why? this way all divisions are "ON" when reset pulse is received.
i never have had a divider before, and for me it has been just natural to have it this way. i looked about it as it would be a sequencer: i.e. the Klee2 sequencer reloads on the pulse and is at the "one" of the pattern when reload (reset) pulse is received. i would think a divider should operate the same way, when it gets controlled by another divider or sequencer or whatever. am i wrong here? woult it be better to have all divisions "OFF" when reset is received? then the reset pulse would have to be the last step in a sequence!?
any opinion would be appreciated...


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PostPosted: Sun Feb 08, 2009 6:39 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Quoted from Ken Stone (on his CGS Pulse Divider):

Quote:
The divider is used to generate interrelated pulses for use in creating poly-rhythms, and unusual sequences. It can also be run at audio frequencies as a sub-oscillator/sub harmonic generator. The output pulse from each division is one clock cycle in length, and the relationship between pulses is fixed. Specifically, the /4 output will correspond to every second pulse from the /2 output. Likewise, the /8 will correspond to every second pulse from the /4 output, and the /6 will correspond to every second pulse from the /3 output. Needless to say, the /2 and /3 groups are not related to each other, or to the /5 or /7 outputs. All however share a common external reset, so they can be synchronized. All outputs go high on reset.

Feed a clock signal into the input of the pulse divider. The divided signal is available simultaneously for each output. If running at audio frequencies, feed some of these to a mixer or other signal processing device. If running at low speed, try driving two different sequencers at the same time from different divisions.

Try feeding the /8 output into the reset - this will force all to synchronize to a /7 count, with the lesser divisions becoming "syncopated".


I think you will miss not having the odd divisions.
Resetting to odd divisions yields interesting time signatures, polyrhythms, and syncopations as described above.
Resetting from Logic is fun too.
If possible you should at least add a /3 output as it is the modt useful of the odd divisions.
Think waltz or triplet.
Other than that your module looks very nice as usual.
It is nice that yours goes to /16, and /32.

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PostPosted: Sun Feb 08, 2009 8:48 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Cat-A-Tonic wrote:


I think you will miss not having the odd divisions.



I agree, but I also think a module with even divisions from 2-32 is just as useful as well in it's own way.

I think the most useful/flexible way of handling divisions would be to have 2 separate modules. One like foniks that offers long divisions and one like the CGS which offers shorter odd divisions. That way you can easily do both your triplets and your 16-32-64-128 etc... divisions and anything in between can be achieved with logic. You could also use both independently if you want.

Nice module BTW. I'd jump for it in a second if I didn't already have 2x pulse dividers/master divider/suboscillator/vc divider lined up.

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PostPosted: Sun Feb 08, 2009 11:31 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Regarding the inverters, I think no matter what you do some people will complain, because not every clocked OR clock-generating module is going to behave the same. I get all kinds of different behavior from clocked and clockable stuff around here. The CGS outputs all go high on reset, as noted, which may or may not be what you wanted to have happen if, for example, you're using the /4 to step through slow sequencer key changes on a /8 or /6 pattern confused On the other hand, as the Analogue Soutions people are fond of pointing out, resetting to one on step 16 won't always be the right thing either, which is why they reset to step 16 on the Oberkorn.

Anyway, sometimes I lose the 1, and the only way to get it back is a hard reset on the whole system. Drag :(
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PostPosted: Sun Feb 08, 2009 11:33 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Oh, and: I'm totally in for 2 or 3 of these regardless of their reset behavior. A skinny little Frac divider just dedicated to making the long divisions? I'm all over it.
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PostPosted: Mon Feb 09, 2009 12:19 am    Post subject: Re: My Simple Clock Divider (does it make sense?) Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

fonik wrote:

for the divisions i used inverters. why? this way all divisions are "ON" when reset pulse is received.
i never have had a divider before, and for me it has been just natural to have it this way. i looked about it as it would be a sequencer: i.e. the Klee2 sequencer reloads on the pulse and is at the "one" of the pattern when reload (reset) pulse is received. i would think a divider should operate the same way, when it gets controlled by another divider or sequencer or whatever. am i wrong here? woult it be better to have all divisions "OFF" when reset is received? then the reset pulse would have to be the last step in a sequence!?
any opinion would be appreciated...


nice looking design matthias!
all steps on at reset? interesting. ill have to think about that for a bit.
my only clock divider is the doepfer 160 (which does not work that way).
question: is your clock divider putting trigger-like pulses out at every stage?
on the a160, every next clock output gate length is double the length of the previous output.
(so /2 gate is one clock cycle high/one low, /4 gate is 2 clock cycles high/2 low, etc)
i dont know how it would work out to have those occur on the 1.

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PostPosted: Mon Feb 09, 2009 1:26 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

looks fine to me, but thats only after a quick glance. At first I was rather confused about having the 1/ there, but if you you wanted to tap the stock signal then that would save you from having to use a mult.

throw in some "and" gates to get everything else

for example "1 and 2" = 3
"1 and 4" = 5
....

etc etc SlayerBadger!

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PostPosted: Mon Feb 09, 2009 4:50 am    Post subject: Re: My Simple Clock Divider (does it make sense?) Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

wow. thanks for all your professional opinions and thoughts about this. great input. w00t
will have to think about all this for a while...

i wanted to keep things simple and not suffer from feature creep. so no odd divisions yet. however, i will think about it. and it seems this divider could be a nice addition to existing designs - that is what i get from some of your statements.

consumed wrote:
question: is your clock divider putting trigger-like pulses out at every stage?
on the a160, every next clock output gate length is double the length of the previous output.

no, not triggers, just gates as the dopefer does (or the CGS). would triggers be more desireable? a module could provide both and/or selectable for sure (just AND gates to combine the incoming clock with the divisions), but then i fear the feature creep again...

Quote:
At first I was rather confused about having the 1/ there, but if you you wanted to tap the stock signal then that would save you from having to use a mult.

that was the idea. one could easily chain multiple dividers.

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PostPosted: Mon Feb 09, 2009 10:18 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

A Dingleberry Monstrosity wrote:

throw in some "and" gates to get everything else

for example "1 and 2" = 3
"1 and 4" = 5


I've been wondering how I could get odd divisions out of a clock divider! Thanks! I love this forum.

Also, beautiful and inspiring work as always, Fonik.

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PostPosted: Mon Feb 09, 2009 11:29 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Leisure Cove wrote:
A Dingleberry Monstrosity wrote:

throw in some "and" gates to get everything else

for example "1 and 2" = 3
"1 and 4" = 5


I've been wondering how I could get odd divisions out of a clock divider! Thanks! I love this forum.

depends on the design of the divider. mine is 4024 based, so no way. using the 4017 you could have odd divisions (refer to ken stones designs or yves ussons divider).

i.e. an AND gate for division 1 AND 4 would just result in the 4, since both inputs have to be high for the AND gate output to be high wink

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PostPosted: Tue Mar 03, 2009 6:49 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

The reason for resetting to ON is simple - You want to reset to step 1, not step 0. This is music, not maths.

As for resetting to step 16 instead of step 1, there is reason for that too - if you want to advance to the first step with the first pulse. It all depends on how you play.
I have long thought that a sequencer should have an extra 1/2 stage (not 1/2 step!!) - an initial "0" stage with no pots or outputs. A sequence would be "initiated" to this stage, so that it advanced to step 1 on the first clock pulse. It would then be out of the loop, with "reset" taking the sequence back to step 1 with each successive cycle.
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PostPosted: Tue Mar 03, 2009 7:06 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

otherunicorn wrote:
The reason for resetting to ON is simple - You want to reset to step 1, not step 0. This is music, not maths.

couldn't have said it better. grin

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PostPosted: Tue Mar 03, 2009 6:04 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

There is another difference I forgot to mention - binary counters advance on the falling edge of a clock signal. Synth modules are triggered by a rising edge (trig or gate) signal.
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PostPosted: Wed Mar 04, 2009 4:43 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

otherunicorn wrote:
There is another difference I forgot to mention - binary counters advance on the falling edge of a clock signal. Synth modules are triggered by a rising edge (trig or gate) signal.

that is true for the binary counter IC itself. however my module advances ont the rising edge - just a question of implementation...

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PostPosted: Wed Mar 04, 2009 4:53 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

The 4024 goes high and remains high for the entire duration of that division? I.e. the /8 output goes high on the 8th step and low after 8 steps?

Wouldn't it be good to add a trig output to the circuit? So you can have a short pulse sent at every division as well?

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PostPosted: Wed Mar 04, 2009 5:37 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

zthee wrote:
The 4024 goes high and remains high for the entire duration of that division? I.e. the /8 output goes high on the 8th step and low after 8 steps?

it goes high for 1st to 4th step and low for 5th to 8th step. see picture:



Quote:
Wouldn't it be good to add a trig output to the circuit? So you can have a short pulse sent at every division as well?

yes and yes. however, i called it "simple divider" grin
i wanted to prevent any feature creep. i am thinking of offering a cheap PCB, though. it would be just this simple. i like this idea.

BTW the /1 output works as a conditioner (did not mention it earlier).

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 05, 2009 1:56 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

fonik wrote:
yes and yes. however, i called it "simple divider" grin
i wanted to prevent any feature creep.


Ooops, missed that part! grin It's so easy to get carried away! d'oh!

Hope you'll make a run out of your quantizer aswell? SlayerBadger!

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 05, 2009 7:12 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

zthee wrote:
fonik wrote:
yes and yes. however, i called it "simple divider" grin
i wanted to prevent any feature creep.


Ooops, missed that part! grin It's so easy to get carried away! d'oh!

8)

Quote:
Hope you'll make a run out of your quantizer aswell? SlayerBadger!

sure. that is the plan (actually scott suggested it to me). i hope i will be able to improve it's performance, though. it will require some ICs more and then i will need the to invest some money in the eagle standard version (but that was part of my plan for this year anyway). yes, DIY can be expensive, especially if you want to do it right.

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 05, 2009 7:57 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

You rock man! we're not worthy we're not worthy
I'll def. take 2 of the quantizer board when it done! w00t

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PostPosted: Fri Mar 06, 2009 2:32 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

I missed the mention of the quantizer but I’d definitely be interested in that board so please keep us posted.
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PostPosted: Fri Mar 06, 2009 5:54 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Kwote wrote:
I missed the mention of the quantizer but I’d definitely be interested in that board so please keep us posted.

thank you for your interest.
i am currently working on it on the breadboard. i am posting about my progress over at the e-m-forum (it is the place i call my home). as soon as there is a result/PCB/module/project/whatever i will surely post it here.

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PostPosted: Fri Mar 06, 2009 7:12 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

i definitely like this behavior even though my clock divider works like this:



i dont see a 'right' way in either design. it would be fantastic to have both behaviors in a system.

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PostPosted: Wed May 27, 2009 5:10 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

oooh ive just been thinking about how to do this. Will find this post and the diagrams useful.
The panel looks pretty btw.
Cheers fonik.
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PostPosted: Wed May 27, 2009 8:31 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

just re-read this thread - I like the debate about reset to nothing or step 1, actually. From my perspective I'd actually prefer the reversed behaviour - that resetting "primes the counter", but that it's the CLOCK that determines when we get the first count.

Fonik, I'm quite interested in this circuit, and I figure I'd breadboard this as soon as possible, with the two remaining /64 and /128 divisions too - might as well wink

Quick questions:

1) could you explain to me the circuitry surrounding the Reset In? Is it debouncing for the button? From the way I've understood it the 4024 is heavily buffered internally already?

2)Are there simpler methods of outputting, without going through transistors?


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PostPosted: Wed May 27, 2009 11:15 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

wetterberg wrote:
1) could you explain to me the circuitry surrounding the Reset In? Is it debouncing for the button? From the way I've understood it the 4024 is heavily buffered internally already?

the two transistors form a simplified descrete schmitt trigger. they will help to condition the reset signal.
for the clock input i use one transistor only, since the 4024s input clocks at the falling edge, not of the rising edge as the 4017 does.

Quote:
2)Are there simpler methods of outputting, without going through transistors?

you could leave them off, but i would not. they are voltage buffers so you can drive as many modules from the output as you might like to.
the CMOS provide limited current on their ouputs. so if you drive multiple modules from one output the voltage might decrease, thus not trigger the subsequent modules anymore.
there is a divider from a manufacturer (i can't remember right now) that suffers exactly from this problem.

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PostPosted: Wed May 27, 2009 12:18 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

thanks for the help, man! I really appreciate it! Having a bit of a lightbulb-diy moment here, and loving it!
fonik wrote:
wetterberg wrote:
1) could you explain to me the circuitry surrounding the Reset In? Is it debouncing for the button? From the way I've understood it the 4024 is heavily buffered internally already?

the two transistors form a simplified descrete schmitt trigger. they will help to condition the reset signal.
for the clock input i use one transistor only, since the 4024s input clocks at the falling edge, not of the rising edge as the 4017 does.
Brilliant, cheers! So the circuit around Clock in is a simple logic inverter, and I could use a regular schmitt trigger instead?
fonik wrote:

Quote:
2)Are there simpler methods of outputting, without going through transistors?

you could leave them off, but i would not. they are voltage buffers so you can drive as many modules from the output as you might like to.
the CMOS provide limited current on their ouputs. so if you drive multiple modules from one output the voltage might decrease, thus not trigger the subsequent modules anymore.
there is a divider from a manufacturer (i can't remember right now) that suffers exactly from this problem.

Another lightbulb; since "opening" the transistors with the IC means that current can flow from the +v rail, correct?
Now all I need to do is understand the concept of resistors "pulling down to ground", and I'm off smile
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PostPosted: Wed May 27, 2009 1:54 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

wetterberg wrote:
thanks for the help, man! I really appreciate it! Having a bit of a lightbulb-diy moment here, and loving it!
fonik wrote:
wetterberg wrote:
1) could you explain to me the circuitry surrounding the Reset In? Is it debouncing for the button? From the way I've understood it the 4024 is heavily buffered internally already?

the two transistors form a simplified descrete schmitt trigger. they will help to condition the reset signal.
for the clock input i use one transistor only, since the 4024s input clocks at the falling edge, not of the rising edge as the 4017 does.
Brilliant, cheers! So the circuit around Clock in is a simple logic inverter, and I could use a regular schmitt trigger instead?

try it. breadboards are our best friends. you don't have to understand all and everything, but you can try an be happy if it works. seriously.

Quote:

fonik wrote:

Quote:
2)Are there simpler methods of outputting, without going through transistors?

you could leave them off, but i would not. they are voltage buffers so you can drive as many modules from the output as you might like to.
the CMOS provide limited current on their ouputs. so if you drive multiple modules from one output the voltage might decrease, thus not trigger the subsequent modules anymore.
there is a divider from a manufacturer (i can't remember right now) that suffers exactly from this problem.

Another lightbulb; since "opening" the transistors with the IC means that current can flow from the +v rail, correct?

yep. you could us an opamp too.

Quote:
Now all I need to do is understand the concept of resistors "pulling down to ground", and I'm off smile

which resistors you are referring to?

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PostPosted: Wed May 27, 2009 2:01 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

fonik wrote:
try it. breadboards are our best friends. you don't have to understand all and everything, but you can try an be happy if it works. seriously.
oh yes definitely! I'm just waiting on parts from "rapid" (slow motherfuckers very frustrating ) and then I'm all over it - I bought a nice assortment of components from there for just this purpose - but for now it's "imaginary breadboarding for me" wink (btw, does anyone know what that breadboarding app is called? Does circuit diagrams as well?)
fonik wrote:

Quote:
Now all I need to do is understand the concept of resistors "pulling down to ground", and I'm off smile

which resistors you are referring to?

ehrm... I'm not too good at all this stuff, but isn't r5 a pull-down resistor? And what about the 2.2k? not too sure about those?

Andreas - I can't stop looking at these red and black pcbs, they're gorgeous! And they feel really classy to the touch love
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fonik
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PostPosted: Wed May 27, 2009 2:46 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

wetterberg wrote:
btw, does anyone know what that breadboarding app is called? Does circuit diagrams as well?

software you mean? i think we are talking about spice modelling here. i am using a very simple software called electronic workbench (no longer available). i know tim stichcomb pointed to a very good freeware, but i can't remember.

Quote:
ehrm... I'm not too good at all this stuff, but isn't r5 a pull-down resistor? And what about the 2.2k? not too sure about those?

R5? i dunno how it is called, however it forms a pulse conditioner in conjunction with the cap, i think (it is a leftover from ken stones circuitry). the diode keeps only the positive going signals.

the 2.2k at the LEDs are needed to drive the LEDs with current.
the 2.2k at the outputs form a voltage divider in conjunction with the 1k resistors to bring down the 15V gates to a reasonable value.

IIRC (and the real cracks should chime in here if i am wrong) pulldown resistors are used to pull an input down to GND if it is low. if you have i.e. more than one clock signal input on a CMOS (say the 4017 in a fonitronik seqswitch) you need to pull down the ICs inputs to make them stable.

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wetterberg
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PostPosted: Wed May 27, 2009 2:56 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

fonik wrote:
wetterberg wrote:
btw, does anyone know what that breadboarding app is called? Does circuit diagrams as well?

software you mean? i think we are talking about spice modelling here. i am using a very simple software called electronic workbench (no longer available). i know tim stichcomb pointed to a very good freeware, but i can't remember.
hehe, I'm not as advanced yet - no I'm talking about a piece of software that represents a virtual breadboard, where you can place virtual components and form a circuit *layout*.
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ignatzthemouse
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 03, 2009 6:23 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

My limited experience means I'd prefer to just build from your schematic fonik but I have a load of hcf4040be ics knocking about so I'm using one of those to build a clock divider instead.

I hadn't intended to use transistors on the outputs and wasn't sure about doing so for the inputs. It seems to cope with clock from the A190 but isn't 100% reliable so I should experiment a little with that.

I mainly intended to use it to drive a 4017 based sequencer so I suppose I could use a very stripped down version.

I'll end up just building a prototype and seeing how it behaves but if anyone has suggestions of any kind id like to hear them.
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 03, 2009 8:00 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

i would say go with the transistors on the input stage. would be some protection for CMOS as well.
the 4040 delivers 6.8mA on the output (+15V operation). way enough to drive LEDs and the 4017:
say you run the 4040 from +15V. following ohm's law that would give you about 14.95V on a high output. with a 6.8k resistor in series to drive a LED you would suck 2.2mA (3.2mA for 4.7K).

the 4040 has 12(!) stages: /1, /2, /4, /8, /16 ... /1024 - wow. that's for real slow motion, i think.

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PostPosted: Wed Jun 03, 2009 8:32 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Interesting. I'm going to run it in a box off a 9v battery for now. I've never used anything other than batteries to power diy stuff. Just picked up a Ken Stone synthacon filter pcb which will be my first foray into the mains.

I was thinking of making one of the outputs switch able since the 4040 divides so insanely far.

I'm sure you make a good point about an input transistor protecting the ic. I've already fried one in the last week.

The pics in another thread of your diy racks are great btw and have inspired me to replace my piss poor soldering iron with something better.
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talkboxert
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PostPosted: Sat Oct 01, 2011 10:55 am    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Good to have it with the converters, i keep inverting my pulse before it goes to my doepfer divider to keep evrything on beat...
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knob_alchemist
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PostPosted: Mon Mar 05, 2012 2:41 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Interesting...I'm just in search of a simple DIY Clock divider...
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ersatzplanet
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PostPosted: Mon Mar 05, 2012 3:02 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Looking at the schematic it seems pretty easy to put a header (3 pins for each inverter) that would allow bypassing the inverters so the user could choose "high on one" action or not. Even be able to choose different settings for each divisions output. Then they could make an expansion board with switches to allow front panel selection. Only if you haven't laid out the board yet. People who wanted to make it without the expense of the headers could just bridge the connections with bus wire.
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PostPosted: Mon Mar 05, 2012 3:30 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

everything is possible, of course! alas, then it is not that simple anymore hihi
james, i have a SMT layout in the drawer, already. the only switch is a switch to select the division of the 5th output socket, though.

maybe i should/could do a TH DIY layout with all bells and whistles?

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PostPosted: Mon Mar 05, 2012 3:39 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

fonik wrote:
everything is possible, of course! alas, then it is not that simple anymore hihi
james, i have a SMT layout in the drawer, already. the only switch is a switch to select the division of the 5th output socket, though.

maybe i should/could do a TH DIY layout with all bells and whistles?


I'm sure you could sell both. The DIY crowd is getting bigger and bigger each day and as far as production cost go it is just your time bagging parts and that is if you even want to offer a parts kit. I say offer Bare board, Bare board with parts, Bare board with parts and front panel. Sell to all crowds. Some may buy the TH version just because of the added features.

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Synthwerks
www.synthwerks.com
info@synthwerks.com
james@synthwerks.com
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Synthwerks is a proud member of the Mostly Modular Trade Association (http://www.mostlymodular.com).

"It takes about a week to learn how to play a synthesizer, but several years to learn how *not* to play it." - Brian Eno
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PostPosted: Mon Mar 05, 2012 4:25 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote Add User to Ignore List

Some say that less is more...but I say added features is more. Mr. Green

I always want more.

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