Most likely component failure when plugging in backwards

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decaying.sine
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Most likely component failure when plugging in backwards

Post by decaying.sine » Tue Jul 03, 2012 9:52 pm

As much as I like to pretend that I am careful, on occasion I get frisky with my DIY and have plugged in friction lock MTA-156 housings backwards. Pretty amazing, I know. I like to think that this is so I can "experience" blowing up an IC and occasionally sacrificing a TL072 to the modular gods.

On the few occasions when this occurred, when absolutely no beer was consumed :roll: , it seems the opamps blow out fairly easily. Also, some transistors too.

It got me thinking. What are the most likely components to be destroyed or compromised when you plug in backwards? I suppose it also depends on circuit design, diode protection, etc.

If you suspected something was plugged in backwards, what is your debugging routine and how do you check these components (e.g., multimeter, scope, etc.).
Brian
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Mongo1
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Post by Mongo1 » Tue Jul 03, 2012 10:08 pm

I Find the Flux Capacitor is usually the first thing to go.


Seriously, it's pretty hard to guess, because there are so many variables. Typically if this reverse power thing happens I'll just pull the chips out and replace them. My reasoning is that even if the chips appear to work, they've probably been exposed to some pretty catastrophic conditions. I'd rather just replace them now and get it over with rather than waiting for them to suffer from random heart attacks over time.

Just my $.02

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decaying.sine
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Post by decaying.sine » Tue Jul 03, 2012 10:13 pm

Same here. Definitely replace all the IC's as most of them are not that expensive.

Reversing gigawatts is definitely bad mojo for the ICs.

I have noticed that some trannies seem sensitive to this too. I am just wondering about things like diodes, etc.

I am assuming resistors burnouts are easy to spot and I haven't noticed many of these. Caps, not so sure about them. Nothing obvious has ever happened.

I have a effed up VCS board that has tons of lifted bads and bad joints. Sometimes I just experiment with it and do mean things to it. I've blown the top off of plenty of TL07x on that bad boy! It's kind of funny. I keep it around for when I am feeling frustrated and want to act out.
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Post by raisinbag » Tue Jul 03, 2012 10:19 pm

F^*K! I did that to my tabula rasa recently. I wound up frying the 5v regulator, the 074 (i think, but I just replaced it anyway) and the ATM328. No beer or anything like that, but it was my DIY boner and working till 330AM. I should have waited till morning to power it up and double checked my wiring.

I started off by measuring the voltages on IC pins and regulators. I am a newb compared to you, but ya, I just measured voltages to figure out regulator was pooched, replaced it, then systematically replaced chips until I got it working.

What did you ravage?

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decaying.sine
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Post by decaying.sine » Tue Jul 03, 2012 10:31 pm

I blew some stuff on a chaotica board that I bought directly from Ian. I built too and they were soldered so perfectly with so much care. I was just being completely stupid. Even when I was doing it, I knew something wasn't right. I kept thinking, why do I have to force this MTA onto the header :bang: :hmm:

This is the just the crap that happens when you get a little overconfident and stop paying attention. I used be the director of MRI safety at the imaging research center at UCSD. You see it all the time. People just tend to forget they are dealing with technology that is powerful and destructive. Well trained folk walk into the magnet room with cameras, as an example, which does not end well.

I figure it's the same thing. It's late, you're tired, you're excited to test it out, and boom.

BTW, MN3005's seem to be okay! I need to dig up your shipping address. If you want to PM it to me, that'd probably be easier. That way I can get those plus the other ICs to you!
Brian
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Post by ringstone » Tue Jul 03, 2012 11:10 pm

decaying.sine wrote:Caps, not so sure about them. Nothing obvious has ever happened.
I would think some electros would fail eventually, particularly the 10uF's that are often used for smoothing on power rails since you're reversing their polarity.

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Post by Reese P. Dubin » Tue Jul 03, 2012 11:18 pm

Knock on wood I have had very few, but for any of my power FUs, death tends to gravitate to silicon parts, most sophisticated or expensive first then down to FETs, diodes and such.

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Post by limpmeat » Tue Jul 03, 2012 11:38 pm

I plugged in my doepfer 131 VCA backwards the other day, it melted the lm324 to the IC socket :eek:

Will probably have to unsolder the socket to get it out.

I've been looking at the FOH busboards, which apparently have built in reverse polarity protection. Maybe a good idea seeing as module manufactureres can't agree on the correct way to orient a boxed header.

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Post by daverj » Wed Jul 04, 2012 12:54 am

Tantalum caps tent to instantly short out when power is reversed.

Aluminum electrolytics can withstand very short voltage reversals, but will still blow fairly quickly. Usually they open instead of short.

All semiconductors can be damaged by power reversal, if they exceed internal protection currents. In general diodes are not damaged, if their reverse voltage spec is higher than the voltage applied. Transistors can be damaged depending on the circuit design. Some circuits make it difficult to exceed the reverse voltage limits of the parts, while others have no protection from it.

Most chips have protection diodes on inputs to limit voltages going out of range, but those have current limits and will be damaged at higher currents. Most chips do not have reverse voltage protection on their power pins, or at least not with enough current protection to withstand a powerful power supply connected backwards. So chips are often the first to blow.
... Maybe a good idea seeing as module manufactureres can't agree on the correct way to orient a boxed header.
Can you name one product that has a boxed header oriented the wrong way? All the ones I've seen have been oriented the same way. With pin 1 at -12v. The problem comes from people using ribbon cables that were not made correctly for use with boxed headers. Many manufacturers made (make) their ribbons with no care about the female connectors being oriented correctly because traditionally Doepfer and early manufacturers never used box headers, so the orientation wasn't important.

Now that boxed headers are becoming more popular it is important for manufacturers to start paying attention to how they make their ribbons. But even more importantly, the users have to pay attention to the ribbons they own if they have bus boards with boxed headers. They shouldn't just plug the ribbons in blindly. They should check that they were made correctly for use with boxed headers. And if not, replace the ribbon (or remake them).

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Post by gwaidan » Wed Jul 04, 2012 1:29 am

daverj wrote:Can you name one product that has a boxed header oriented the wrong way? All the ones I've seen have been oriented the same way. With pin 1 at -12v. The problem comes from people using ribbon cables that were not made correctly for use with boxed headers. Many manufacturers made (make) their ribbons with no care about the female connectors being oriented correctly because traditionally Doepfer and early manufacturers never used box headers, so the orientation wasn't important.

Now that boxed headers are becoming more popular it is important for manufacturers to start paying attention to how they make their ribbons. But even more importantly, the users have to pay attention to the ribbons they own if they have bus boards with boxed headers. They shouldn't just plug the ribbons in blindly. They should check that they were made correctly for use with boxed headers. And if not, replace the ribbon (or remake them).
This. Euro with boxed headers is the safest of all because it is so hard to force any contact between the pins when the key says no. Considering these connectors were the standard for hard drives for 20 years it's amazing that manufacturers can't orient a cable striple to the "1" marker on an IDC line socket...

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Post by theabsent » Wed Jul 04, 2012 3:47 am

I've blown occationally ICs and every time regulators.
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Post by Jarno » Wed Jul 04, 2012 4:48 am

decaying.sine wrote:MRI safety at the imaging research center at UCSD. You see it all the time. People just tend to forget they are dealing with technology that is powerful and destructive. Well trained folk walk into the magnet room with cameras, as an example, which does not end well.
OT, but I used to work for Philips Medical Systems on the development of MRI scanners, we had a complete hall with test systems, and always people working on them. Really had to pay attention! Only managed to get all my bank cards erased once :-)
Somehow an ordinary screwbit wound up in a box with non-magnetic tools one day, and when somebody opened it in the vicinity of a 1.5T system, instant bullet flying through the bore, luckily nobody got hurt.
But lots of pictures of office chairs and floor polishers stuck to a MRI systems at hospitals, looks funny, but probably pretty scary if you are in the vicinity of it happening.

On topic, I have a MFOS VCA which I had to replace discretes a couple of times because one of the rails failed, not even reverse polarity. But I had some TL074 survive reverse polarisation without a hitch (usually replace them anyway).

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Post by Dave Kendall » Wed Jul 04, 2012 6:36 am

Slightly OT - So far whenever I've reversed power connections *nothing* happened.
No power to circuits, no magic smoke emission. None of the circuits have low ohmage input protection resistors.
I'm using a MOTM 900 PSU - basically a power one HAA15 in a box.
I can only assume it shuts down if connected in reverse.... Maybe I've just been lucky. Dunno. Anyone else see this benign behaviour?

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Post by bensaddiction » Wed Jul 04, 2012 7:05 am

The little 1/8 watt resistors people often use as an alternative to ferrite beads. (is it 10r normally). The can work like little fuses

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Post by mOBiTh » Wed Jul 04, 2012 10:35 am

i like to reserve my destructive moments for when i'm at work playing with machines that cost real* money :hihi:

*(ie someone else's)

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Post by roglok » Wed Jul 04, 2012 10:39 am

Can you name one product that has a boxed header oriented the wrong way? All the ones I've seen have been oriented the same way. With pin 1 at -12v. The problem comes from people using ribbon cables that were not made correctly for use with boxed headers. Many manufacturers made (make) their ribbons with no care about the female connectors being oriented correctly because traditionally Doepfer and early manufacturers never used box headers, so the orientation wasn't important.
Even worse is not caring about your OWN standards: I recently bought my first non-DIY module - a Doepfer A-119. It came with a ribbon cable where the 16 pole end was flipped. i.e. the red wire was aligned to +12V on the module, but -12V on the Doepfer busboard... :deadbanana:

On DIY modules I triple check my power connections - here I was confident they got it right :doh: Doepfer should really use box headers, but it won't help if they flip their ribbon cables...

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Post by Dr. Sketch-n-Etch » Wed Jul 04, 2012 12:18 pm

In my experience, TL07X opamps will survive reverse power, briefly (although they'll get very hot). However, 2164 VCAs will die instantly. I've fried quite a few this way. There is a way to prevent it, though: connect a Schottky diode between ground and -V. This seems to protect the 2164 (thanks to Neil Johnson and Oscar Salas for figuring this out, at the cost of several precious SSM2164s). I do this on all my boards, now, and we do it on the Intellijel modules as well.
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Post by jonbstevens » Wed Jul 04, 2012 12:53 pm

I left out a jumper on the CGS Tube VCA recently. The resistor i had in place of the ferrite bead started to smoke immediately upon powering up.

Replaced the resistor, added the jumper and i was good to go. I believe the jumper supplied -12v to the TL072.

I think i smoked an LM358 once on a MFOS board -- i forget what happened, it wasn't reverse powered tho...

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Post by decaying.sine » Wed Jul 04, 2012 2:36 pm

Jarno wrote:
decaying.sine wrote:MRI safety at the imaging research center at UCSD. You see it all the time. People just tend to forget they are dealing with technology that is powerful and destructive. Well trained folk walk into the magnet room with cameras, as an example, which does not end well.
OT, but I used to work for Philips Medical Systems on the development of MRI scanners, we had a complete hall with test systems, and always people working on them. Really had to pay attention! Only managed to get all my bank cards erased once :-)
Somehow an ordinary screwbit wound up in a box with non-magnetic tools one day, and when somebody opened it in the vicinity of a 1.5T system, instant bullet flying through the bore, luckily nobody got hurt.
But lots of pictures of office chairs and floor polishers stuck to a MRI systems at hospitals, looks funny, but probably pretty scary if you are in the vicinity of it happening.

On topic, I have a MFOS VCA which I had to replace discretes a couple of times because one of the rails failed, not even reverse polarity. But I had some TL074 survive reverse polarisation without a hitch (usually replace them anyway).
The screwbit would be a nasty little projectile. Worst thing I ever witnessed was...I was testing out some new things for my research. I had the chief technologist (basically, the head scanner operator for the facility and in charge of safety) put me in the scanner for some tests. I heard this big "thunk" noise. I said "what the heck was that." He said, "shit, I forgot to take my pocket knife out of my pocket." Basically, it got sucked out of his pocket and whizzed by my head and onto to the side of the bore of the magnet. No harm, no foul, I guess :eek:

People seem to have much better luck with the TL0x series than me. I have literally blow them in half before. I dropped a 15VDC live line onto an Out cable from my Taurus 3 going into a shitty behringer mixer and Event 20/20 bas monitors while talking to dude on the phone and not paying attention to testing a power supply. The top part of a couple TL072's on the 20/20 amps were blown right off when I finally got around to checking the damage.
Brian
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Post by Jarno » Wed Jul 04, 2012 3:21 pm

Ouch, luckily you didn't get hurt. And to think there are gung-ho service guys who dare to use an ordinary power drill in the vicinity of those big magnets.........

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Post by limpmeat » Wed Jul 04, 2012 11:45 pm

daverj wrote:
... Maybe a good idea seeing as module manufactureres can't agree on the correct way to orient a boxed header.
Can you name one product that has a boxed header oriented the wrong way?
I have an ASol MX61 module that has a boxed header the wrong way around. I had to make my own cable for it.

I have also come across some diy PCBs that have the silkscreen for the header the wrong way around. You are right is more of an issue with the cables themselves though.

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Post by glitchpop » Thu Jul 05, 2012 8:10 am

The thread is full of gems. Sticky?

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Post by Spandex » Tue Aug 07, 2012 8:00 pm

I just lost some smoke from a board (accidentally shorted something with a bit of rogue solder braid.. doh) but can't see anything wrong and the board (a TW LPG) still works fine. I can replace the TL074+084 just in case, as recommended above.

I'm guessing that, if the resistors aren't obviously exploded, I'm good there.

I have a few questions about the electros filtering the power though, if anyone has a mo to help a noob. I've inspected them with a magnifying glass and they look fine to me but..

Should I be able to easily tell if the electros have blown?
I presume they'd fail as open circuits?
If they fail open, would i expect symptoms beyond "noise from the power supply"?

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Post by Dr. Sketch-n-Etch » Tue Aug 07, 2012 11:49 pm

I once installed a little 79L05 -5V power supply backwards. That was fun. The little flat part of the TO-92 package flew across the garage, I know not where. It could have definitely put my eye out if I'd been stooping over it. As Cliff from "Cheers" would say, "There's something you don't do twice!"
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